How to Fix Memento Errors
DodaTech
Updated 2026-06-26
1 min read
In this tutorial, you'll learn about How to Fix Memento Errors. We cover key concepts, practical examples, and best practices.
Fix memento errors when object exposes internal state publicly for save/restore breaking encapsulation.
Quick Fix
Wrong
class Editor:
def __init__(self):
self.content=''; self.cursor=0; self.selection=''
def save(self):
return (self.content,self.cursor,self.selection) # exposes internals
def restore(self,s):
self.content,self.cursor,self.selection=s # tuple coupling
Tuple exposes all fields. Changing Editor fields breaks all save/restore callers.
Right
from dataclasses import dataclass
class Editor:
def __init__(self):
self.content=''; self.cursor=0; self.selection=''
def save(self): return Memento(self.content,self.cursor,self.selection)
def restore(self,m):
self.content,m.cursor,m.selection = m.content,m.cursor,m.selection
@dataclass
class Memento:
content: str; cursor: int; selection: str
class History:
def __init__(self): self.states=[]
def push(self,m): self.states.append(m)
def pop(self): return self.states.pop()
ed=Editor(); history=History()
history.push(ed.save())
ed.content='new'
ed.restore(history.pop())
Memento class encapsulates snapshot. History manages state timeline. Editor internals hidden.
Prevention
Memento captures object state without violating encapsulation. Originator, Memento, Caretaker.
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