Apache APISIX SSL Certificate TLS Handshake Error

You encounter a apisix configuration issue that prevents your workflow from completing. This guide walks through the fix step by step.

Wrong ❌

{
  "cert": "$certificate_content",
  "key": "$private_key_content",
  "sni": "*.example.com"
  # Missing intermediate certificates
}

Wrong Output

TLS handshake errors. Browser shows NET::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID. Missing intermediate CA.

Right ✅

{
  "cert": "$fullchain_certificate_content",
  "key": "$private_key_content",
  "snis": ["example.com", "api.example.com"],
  "status": 1
}
# Fullchain should include: server cert + intermediate CA + root CA

Right Output

TLS handshake successful. Browser shows secure padlock. No certificate warnings.

Prevention

• Use full certificate chain (server + intermediates + root).
• List all SNI hostnames in the snis array.
• Use the Admin API to upload: PUT /apisix/admin/ssls/{id}.
• Verify TLS with openssl s_client -connect example.com:443.
• Rotate certificates before expiry - set reminders.

DodaTech applies similar defensive patterns across Doda Browser, DodaZIP, and Durga Antivirus Pro infrastructure for production reliability.

Common Mistakes with ssl cert

1. Mixing let bindings with <- bindings in do notation, producing type errors
2. Overlapping type class instances that cause GHC to reject the program with ambiguous dispatch errors
3. Non-exhaustive pattern matches that compile with warnings then crash at runtime

These mistakes appear frequently in real-world APISIX code. DodaTech's contributors have identified these patterns through analysis of open-source projects and production systems.

Practice Exercise

Write a pure function that safely divides two integers using Maybe, then test it with edge cases like division by zero and negative numbers.

This exercise reinforces the concepts covered in this guide. Try implementing it before checking online solutions.

FAQ

This quick fix is part of the DodaTech infrastructure engineering series. Learn more at DodaTech tutorials.