Rust Advanced Topics — Async Runtime Internals, Pin, and PhantomData Patterns

DodaTech Updated 2026-06-28 1 min read

In this tutorial, you will learn about Rust Advanced Topics. We cover key concepts, practical examples, and best practices to help you master this topic.

Rust advanced topics include async runtime internals with waker, Pin and Unpin for self-referential types, and PhantomData for type-level state management.

What You'll Learn

Pin and self-referential types
Async executor internals
PhantomData patterns
Type-level programming

Why It Matters

Advanced Rust is for library authors and framework developers. DodaZIP uses PhantomData for type-safe API.

Real-World Use

Framework development, custom executors, type-safe APIs, embedded DSLs.

use std::marker::PhantomData;
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::future::Future;
use std::task::{Context, Poll};

struct RawHandle;

struct Handle<'a> {
    raw: *const RawHandle,
    _marker: PhantomData<&'a RawHandle>,
}

impl<'a> Handle<'a> {
    fn new(raw: &'a RawHandle) -> Self {
        Handle {
            raw: raw as *const RawHandle,
            _marker: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

struct MyFuture {
    state: u32,
}

impl Future for MyFuture {
    type Output = u32;

    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, _cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        if this.state < 5 {
            this.state += 1;
            Poll::Pending
        } else {
            Poll::Ready(this.state)
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Default)]
struct StateMachine<S>(PhantomData<S>);

struct Locked;
struct Unlocked;

impl StateMachine<Locked> {
    fn unlock(self) -> StateMachine<Unlocked> {
        StateMachine(PhantomData)
    }
}

impl StateMachine<Unlocked> {
    fn lock(self) -> StateMachine<Locked> {
        StateMachine(PhantomData)
    }
}

fn main() {
    let locked = StateMachine::<Locked>::default();
    let unlocked = locked.unlock();
    let _locked_again = unlocked.lock();

    let raw = RawHandle;
    let handle = Handle::new(&raw);
    drop(raw);
    // handle.raw is now dangling — PhantomData prevents this pattern in safe code
}

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